When it comes to flatbed shipping, there’s a lot to consider, especially if you’re moving something that qualifies as a wide or oversized load. Before diving into the key factors that impact these types of shipments, let’s start with the basics: what is considered an oversized load?
In the U.S., any vehicle or load that exceeds the legal limits of width, length, height, or weight is considered an oversize load. Each state has its own specific regulations, so it’s critical to understand the legal requirements wherever your shipment is headed.
That’s just one reason why shipping oversized freight—like tractors, combines, bulldozers, cranes, steel beams, wind blades, or even prefabricated homes—can be complex. But with the right planning and expertise, it’s absolutely manageable.
Top considerations for oversized shipments
Successful oversized shipping starts with preparation. Here are key areas to keep in mind when planning to move an oversized load:
1. What is considered an oversized load? Know the legal limits
Many shippers wonder how wide a trailer can be without a permit. Legal limits for standard flatbed shipments are fairly consistent across states, but it’s still important to double-check.
Generally speaking, standard legal limits include:
- Width: Up to 8.5 feet (102 inches)
- Height: Up to 102 inches (this changes with trailer selection)
- Length: Typically 75 feet overall length, (truck, trailer, and product)
- Weight: 80,000 gross weight (including truck, trailer, and product)
These limits will vary by equipment specifics, so if you’re unsure whether a shipment exceeds the maximum trailer width, our Flatbed Equipment Guide is a great resource.
One important note: drivers are responsible for obtaining permits, but they can’t get one for a load that could reasonably be broken down into smaller pieces and shipped legally.
2. Scheduling restrictions for oversized loads
Oversized loads are typically allowed on the road from 30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset, Monday through Friday. However, many states also restrict travel on holidays and weekends, and major cities have curfews during rush hours during peak travel times. Drivers need permits for each state they travel through, and those permits include specific routes. These restrictions can make scheduling tricky, so it’s important to plan ahead.
3. Permits, escorts, and extra considerations
Every state has its own rules when it comes to size, weight, and routing for oversized shipments, which means permitting can quickly become a complex and time-consuming part of the process. Obtaining accurate permits for travel is the carrier's responsibility.
Unlike standard shipments that might be picked up and delivered within 48 hours, oversized loads often require days or weeks of planning. Much of that time is spent waiting for state agencies to review and approve routing and permits. It’s important to note that this is not a process carriers can expedite—state timelines are fixed, and approvals must be in place before the shipment can move.
If your shipment is over a certain set threshold, states require travel escorts (also called pilot vehicles). These escorts help alert drivers to hazards like construction zones, low bridges, or traffic jams—and they also help keep the public safe.
Keep in mind, shippers typically cover the cost of these escorts, including mileage, hotels, and other accessorials, but the carrier themselves are responsible for setting everything up.
4. Don’t overlook special markings
Oversized loads require flagging or lighting to ensure visibility. These markings are essential for safety and are required on both the truck and any escort vehicles. Carriers are responsible for marking loads with banners and flags to keep the public informed and safe.
Final thoughts
Shipping wide and oversized loads isn’t always easy—but it’s often the most efficient way to move large equipment or materials. By staying informed and following best practices, you can ensure your shipments are safe, compliant, and delivered on time.
If you’re navigating the world of flatbed shipping and need support, C.H. Robinson is here to help. Get in touch with one of our oversized freight experts to see how we can optimize your supply chain.
